Maternal-Fetal Medecine
Maternal-Fetal Medecine
part Q Scientific Basis of Perinatal Biology
1 Human Basic Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance 3
JOANNA GRODEN, PhD I APRIL SANDY GOCHA, PhD I CARLO M. CROCE, MD
2 Normal Early Development 37
KURT BENIRSCHKE, MD
15 Fetal Lung Development and Surfactant 175
ALAN H. JOBE, MD, PhD I BEENA D. KAMATH-RAYNE, MD, MPH
16 Evidence-Based Practice in Perinatal Medicine 187
GEORGE A. MACONES, MD, MSCE I METHODIUS G. TUULI, MD, MPH
PART
Obstetric Imaging
JOSHUA A. COPEL, MD I THOMAS R. MOORE, MD
3 Amniotic Fluid Dynamics 47
MICHAEL G. ROSS, MD, MPH I MARIE H. BEALL, MD
4 Multiple Gestation: The Biology of Twinning 53
KURT BENIRSCHKE, MD
5 Biology of Parturition 66
ERROL R. NORWITZ, MD, PhD I MALA MAHENDROO, PhD I STEPHEN J. LYE, PhD
SECTION I
Principles of Fetal Imaging 201
17 Performing and Documenting the Fetal Anatomy Ultrasound Examination 202
THOMAS R. MOORE, MD I JOSHUA A. COPEL, MD
18 Doppler Ultrasound: Select Fetal and Maternal Applications 211
MERT OZAN BAHTIYAR, MD I JOSHUA A. COPEL, MD
6 Immunology of Pregnancy 80
GIL MOR, MD, PhD I VIKKI M. ABRAHAMS, PhD
7 Maternal Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Renal Adaptation to Pregnancy 93
MANJU MONGA, MD I JOAN M. MASTROBATTISTA, MD
8 Endocrinology of Pregnancy 100
JAMES H. LIU, MD
9 The Breast and the Physiology of Lactation 112
ROBERT M. LAWRENCE, MD I RUTH A. LAWRENCE, MD
10 Maternal Nutrition 131
NAOMI E. STOTLAND, MD I LISA M. BODNAR, PhD, MPH, RD I BARBARA ABRAMS, DrPH, RD
19 Clinical Applications of Three-Dimensional Sonography in Obstetrics 218
DOLORES H. PRETORIUS, MD I SEERAT AZIZ, MD I DEBORAH A. D’AGOSTINI, RDMS I REENA MALHOTRA, MD I TRACY L. ANTON, RDMS I LORENE E. ROMINE, MD
SECTION II Lesions 234
20 Central Nervous System Imaging 235
ANA MONTEAGUDO, MD I I LAN E. TIMOR-TRITSCH, MD
20A CEPHALOCELE 235
20B CHOROID PLEXUS CYSTS 238
20C HOLOPROSENCEPHALY 241
20D PORENCEPHALIC CYST 245
20E VENTRICULOMEGALY: AQUEDUCTAL STENOSIS 249
11 Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 139
LUCILLA POSTON, PhD I MARK A. HANSON, MA, DPhil
12 Fetal Cardiovascular Physiology 146
JEFFREY R. FINEMAN, MD I RONALD CLYMAN, MD
13 Behavioral States in the Fetus: Relationship to Fetal Health and Development 155
BRYAN S. RICHARDSON, MD I RICHARD HARDING, PhD, DSc I DAVID W. WALKER, PhD, DSc
14 Placental Respiratory Gas Exchange and Fetal Oxygenation 163
GIACOMO MESCHIA, MD
20F VENTRICULOMEGALY: ARNOLD-CHIARI MALFORMATION 253
20G VENTRICULOMEGALY: BORDERLINE LATERAL CEREBRAL VENTRICULOMEGALY 256
20H VENTRICULOMEGALY: DANDY-WALKER MALFORMATION AND VARIANT 260
201 AGENESIS OF THE CORPUS CALLOSUM ©
20J ARACHNOID CYST ©
20K EXENCEPHALY AND ANENCEPHALY ©
20L HYDRANENCEPHALY ©
20M MICROCEPHALY
20N VEIN OF GALEN ANEURYSM ©
^ This subchapter is available online at www.expertconsult.com.
XIX
XX
Contents
21 Imaging of the Face and Neck 264
21A CLEFT LIP AND PALATE 264
ANTONETTE T. DULAY, MD
21B CYSTIC HYGROMA 268
CHRISTINA S. HAN, MD
21C MICROGNATHIA 271
SONYA S. ABDEL-RAZEQ, MD
21D ABNORMAL ORBITS
SONYA S. ABDEL-RAZEQ, MD
21E GOITER
CHRISTINA S. HAN, MD
22 Thoracic Imaging 274
22A CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA 274
ANNA KATERINA SFAKIANAKI, MD, MPH
22B CYSTIC LUNG LESIONS, CCAM,
SEQUESTRATION 277
ANNA KATERINA SFAKIANAKI, MD, MPH
22C CONGENITAL HIGH AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
ANNA KATERINA SFAKIANAKI, MD, MPH
22D PLEURAL EFFUSION
ANTONETTE T. DULAY, MD
23 Fetal Cardiac Malformations and Arrhythmias: Detection, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis 281
MARK SKLANSKY, MD
24 Abdominal Imaging 325
RICHARD B. WOLF, DO, MPH
24A ABDOMINAL ASCITES 325
24B CYSTIC ABDOMINAL LESIONS 328
24C ECHOGENIC ABDOMINAL LESIONS 331
24D GASTROSCHISIS 334
24E INTESTINAL ATRESIAS 337
24F OMPHALOCELE 340
24G ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA
24H LIMB-BODY STALK ANOMALY
241 UMBILICAL VEIN VARIX
25 Urogenital Imaging 343
RICHARD B. WOLF, DO, MPH
25A BLADDER EXSTROPHY 343
25B ECHOGENIC DYSPLASTIC KIDNEYS 346
25C MULTICYSTIC KIDNEY 349
25D POSTERIOR URETHRAL VALVES 352
25E PYELECTASIS 355
25F URETEROCELE 358
25G AMBIGUOUS GENITALIA
) This subchapter is available online at www.expertconsult.com.
25H DUPLICATED RENAL COLLECTING SYSTEM 251 RENAL AGENESIS
25J URETEROVESICAL JUNCTION OBSTRUCTION
26 Skeletal Imaging 361
RICHARD B. WOLF, DO, MPH
26A ARTHROGRYPOSIS AND POLYDACTYLY 361
26B CLUBFOOT 364
26C NEURAL TUBE DEFECT 367
26D SACROCOCCYGEAL TERATOMA AND SACRAL AGENESIS 370
26E SKELETAL DYSPLASIA 373 26F AMNIOTIC BAND SYNDROME 26G CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS AND CLOVERLEAF SKULL 26H HEMIVERTEBRAE AND SCOLIOSIS
27 Placenta and Umbilical Cord Imaging 379
THOMAS R. MOORE, MD
27A MARGINAL AND VELAMENTOUS UMBILICAL CORD INSERTION 379
27B MOLAR GESTATION 382
27C PLACENTA ACCRETA-INCRETA-PERCRETA 384
27D PLACENTAL ECHOLUCENCIES: LAKES, CYSTS, CHORANGIOMA 387
27E PLACENTA PREVIA 390
27F SINGLE UMBILICAL ARTERY 393
27G CIRCUMVALLATE PLACENTA (9)
27H SUBCHORIONIC HEMATOMA (A
271 SUCCENTURIATE PLACENTA A
27J VASA PREVIA (S)
28 Uterus and Adnexae Imaging 396
THOMAS R. MOORE, MD
28A ADNEXAL MASS, COMPLEX AND SIMPLE 396 28B AMNIOTIC FLUID VOLUME 399 28C UTERINE ANOMALIES 401 28D UTERINE FIBROIDS 404
29 Fi rst-Trimester Imaging 407
BRYANN BROMLEY, MD I THOMAS D. SHIPP, MD 29A ANOMALIES 407 29B NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY 411 29C NASAL BONE
*
Ѳ
PART
Fetal Disorders: Diagnosis and Therapy
30 Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Disorders 417
RONALD J. WAPNER, MD
Contents
XXI
31 Teratogenesis and Environmental Exposure 465
CHRISTINA CHAMBERS, PhD, MPH I ANTHONY R. SCIALLI, MD
32 Assessment of Fetal Health 473
ANJALI J. KAIMAL, MD, MAS
33 Intrapartum Fetal Surveillance 488
MICHAEL P. NAGEOTTE, MD
34 Assessment and Induction of Fetal Pulmonary Maturity 507
BRIAN M. MERCER, MD
35 Invasive Fetal Therapy 516
JAN DEPREST, MD, PhD I RYAN HODGES, PhD,
MBBS (Hons) I EDUARDO GRATACOS, MD, PhD I LIESBETH LEWI, MD, PhD
36 Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn 558
KENNETH J. MOISE, Jr., MD
37 Nonimmune Hydrops 569
ISABELLE WILKINS, MD
38 Multiple Gestation: Clinical Characteristics and Management 578
FERGAL D. MALONE, MD I MARY E. D’ALTON, MB, BCh, BAO
part Q Disorders at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
39 Pathogenesis of Spontaneous Preterm Birth 599
CATALIN S. BUHIMSCHI, MD I JANE E. NORMAN, MD
40 Preterm Labor and Birth 624
HYAGRIV N. SIMHAN, MD, MS I VINCENZO BERGHELLA, MD I JAY D. IAMS, MD
41 Cervical Insufficiency 654
VINCENZO BERGHELLA, MD I JAY D. IAMS, MD
42 Premature Rupture of the Membranes 663
BRIAN M. MERCER, MD
43 Clinical Aspects of Normal and Abnormal Labor 673
JOHN M. THORP, Jr., MD I S. KATHERINE LAUGHON, MD, MS
44 Recurrent Pregnancy Loss 707
BRITTON D. RINK, MD, MS I CHARLES J. LOCKWOOD, MD, MHCM
45 Stillbirth 718
UMA M. REDDY, MD, MPH I CATHERINE Y. SPONG, MD
46 Placenta Previa, Placenta Accreta, Abruptio Placentae, and Vasa Previa 732
ANDREW D. HULL, BMedSci, BMBS I ROBERT RESNIK, MD
47 Intrauterine Growth Restriction 743
ROBERT RESNIK, MD I ROBERT K. CREASY, MD
48 Pregnancy-Related Hypertension 756
KARA BETH MARKHAM, MD I EDMUND F. FUNAI, MD
PART Q Maternal Complications
49 Patient Safety in Obstetrics 785
CHRISTIAN M. PETTKER, MD I EDMUND F. FUNAI, MD
50 Maternal Mortality 795
ELLIOTT K. MAIN, MD
51 Maternal and Fetal Infections 802
PATRICK DUFF, MD
52 Cardiac Diseases 852
DANIEL G. BANCHARD, MD I LORI B. DANIELS, MD, MAS
53 Coagulation Disorders in Pregnancy 878
MARC A. RODGER, MD, MSc I ROBERT M. SILVER, MD
54 Thromboembolic Disease in Pregnancy 906
ANN N. LEUNG, MD I CHARLES J. LOCKWOOD, MD, MHCM
55 Anemia and Pregnancy 918
SARAH J. KILPATRICK, MD, PhD
56 Malignancy and Pregnancy 932
DAVID COHN, MD I BHUVANESWARI RAMASWAMY, MD I KRISTIE BLUM, MD
57 Renal Disorders 949
RAVI I. THADHANI, MD, MPH I MANISH R. MASKI, MD
58 Respiratory Diseases in Pregnancy 965
JANICE E. WHITTY, MD I MITCHELL P. DOMBROWSKI, MD
59 Diabetes in Pregnancy 988
THOMAS R. MOORE, MD I SYLVIE HAUGUEL-DE MOUZON,
PhD I PATRICK CATALANO, MD
60 Thyroid Disease and Pregnancy 1022
SHAHLA NADER, MD
61 Other Endocrine Disorders of Pregnancy 1038
SHAHLA NADER, MD
62 Gastrointestinal Disease in Pregnancy 1059
THOMAS F. KELLY, MD I THOMAS J. SAVIDES, MD
XXII
Contents
63 Diseases of the Liver, Biliary System, and Pancreas 1075
CATHERINE WILLIAMSON, MD I LUCY MACKILLOP, BM, BCh,
МА I MICHAEL A. HENEGHAN, MD, MMedSc
64 Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases 1092
MICHAEL D. LOCKSHIN, MD I JANE E. SALMON, MD I DORUK ERKAN, MD
65 Neurologic Disorders 1100
MICHAEL J. AMINOFF, MD, DSc I VANJA C. DOUGLAS, MD
66 Management of Depression and Psychoses in Pregnancy and in the Puerperium 1122
KIMBERLY A. YONKERS, MD
67 Substance Abuse in Pregnancy 1132
MONA R. PRASAD, DO, MPH I HENDReE E. JONES, PhD
68 The Skin and Pregnancy 1146
RONALD P. RAPINI, MD
69 Benign Gynecologic Conditions in Pregnancy 1156
ALESSANDRO GHIDINI, MD I PATRIZIA VERGANI, MD
70 Anesthesia Considerations for Complicated Pregnancies 1167
JOY L. HAWKINS, MD
71 Intensive Care Considerations for the Critically III Parturient 1182
KIMBERLY S. ROBBINS, MD I STEPHANIE R. MARTIN, DO I WILLIAM C. WILSON, MD, MA
part Q The Neonate
72 Neonatal Morbidities of Prenatal and Perinatal Origin 1215
JAMES M. GREENBERG, MD I VIVEK NARENDRAN, MD I KURT R. SCHIBLER, MD I BARBARA B. WARNER, MD I BETH E. HABERMAN, MD
1 Human Basic Genetics and Patterns of Inheritance 3
JOANNA GRODEN, PhD I APRIL SANDY GOCHA, PhD I CARLO M. CROCE, MD
2 Normal Early Development 37
KURT BENIRSCHKE, MD
15 Fetal Lung Development and Surfactant 175
ALAN H. JOBE, MD, PhD I BEENA D. KAMATH-RAYNE, MD, MPH
16 Evidence-Based Practice in Perinatal Medicine 187
GEORGE A. MACONES, MD, MSCE I METHODIUS G. TUULI, MD, MPH
PART
Obstetric Imaging
JOSHUA A. COPEL, MD I THOMAS R. MOORE, MD
3 Amniotic Fluid Dynamics 47
MICHAEL G. ROSS, MD, MPH I MARIE H. BEALL, MD
4 Multiple Gestation: The Biology of Twinning 53
KURT BENIRSCHKE, MD
5 Biology of Parturition 66
ERROL R. NORWITZ, MD, PhD I MALA MAHENDROO, PhD I STEPHEN J. LYE, PhD
SECTION I
Principles of Fetal Imaging 201
17 Performing and Documenting the Fetal Anatomy Ultrasound Examination 202
THOMAS R. MOORE, MD I JOSHUA A. COPEL, MD
18 Doppler Ultrasound: Select Fetal and Maternal Applications 211
MERT OZAN BAHTIYAR, MD I JOSHUA A. COPEL, MD
6 Immunology of Pregnancy 80
GIL MOR, MD, PhD I VIKKI M. ABRAHAMS, PhD
7 Maternal Cardiovascular, Respiratory, and Renal Adaptation to Pregnancy 93
MANJU MONGA, MD I JOAN M. MASTROBATTISTA, MD
8 Endocrinology of Pregnancy 100
JAMES H. LIU, MD
9 The Breast and the Physiology of Lactation 112
ROBERT M. LAWRENCE, MD I RUTH A. LAWRENCE, MD
10 Maternal Nutrition 131
NAOMI E. STOTLAND, MD I LISA M. BODNAR, PhD, MPH, RD I BARBARA ABRAMS, DrPH, RD
19 Clinical Applications of Three-Dimensional Sonography in Obstetrics 218
DOLORES H. PRETORIUS, MD I SEERAT AZIZ, MD I DEBORAH A. D’AGOSTINI, RDMS I REENA MALHOTRA, MD I TRACY L. ANTON, RDMS I LORENE E. ROMINE, MD
SECTION II Lesions 234
20 Central Nervous System Imaging 235
ANA MONTEAGUDO, MD I I LAN E. TIMOR-TRITSCH, MD
20A CEPHALOCELE 235
20B CHOROID PLEXUS CYSTS 238
20C HOLOPROSENCEPHALY 241
20D PORENCEPHALIC CYST 245
20E VENTRICULOMEGALY: AQUEDUCTAL STENOSIS 249
11 Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 139
LUCILLA POSTON, PhD I MARK A. HANSON, MA, DPhil
12 Fetal Cardiovascular Physiology 146
JEFFREY R. FINEMAN, MD I RONALD CLYMAN, MD
13 Behavioral States in the Fetus: Relationship to Fetal Health and Development 155
BRYAN S. RICHARDSON, MD I RICHARD HARDING, PhD, DSc I DAVID W. WALKER, PhD, DSc
14 Placental Respiratory Gas Exchange and Fetal Oxygenation 163
GIACOMO MESCHIA, MD
20F VENTRICULOMEGALY: ARNOLD-CHIARI MALFORMATION 253
20G VENTRICULOMEGALY: BORDERLINE LATERAL CEREBRAL VENTRICULOMEGALY 256
20H VENTRICULOMEGALY: DANDY-WALKER MALFORMATION AND VARIANT 260
201 AGENESIS OF THE CORPUS CALLOSUM ©
20J ARACHNOID CYST ©
20K EXENCEPHALY AND ANENCEPHALY ©
20L HYDRANENCEPHALY ©
20M MICROCEPHALY
20N VEIN OF GALEN ANEURYSM ©
^ This subchapter is available online at www.expertconsult.com.
XIX
XX
Contents
21 Imaging of the Face and Neck 264
21A CLEFT LIP AND PALATE 264
ANTONETTE T. DULAY, MD
21B CYSTIC HYGROMA 268
CHRISTINA S. HAN, MD
21C MICROGNATHIA 271
SONYA S. ABDEL-RAZEQ, MD
21D ABNORMAL ORBITS
SONYA S. ABDEL-RAZEQ, MD
21E GOITER
CHRISTINA S. HAN, MD
22 Thoracic Imaging 274
22A CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA 274
ANNA KATERINA SFAKIANAKI, MD, MPH
22B CYSTIC LUNG LESIONS, CCAM,
SEQUESTRATION 277
ANNA KATERINA SFAKIANAKI, MD, MPH
22C CONGENITAL HIGH AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
ANNA KATERINA SFAKIANAKI, MD, MPH
22D PLEURAL EFFUSION
ANTONETTE T. DULAY, MD
23 Fetal Cardiac Malformations and Arrhythmias: Detection, Diagnosis, Management, and Prognosis 281
MARK SKLANSKY, MD
24 Abdominal Imaging 325
RICHARD B. WOLF, DO, MPH
24A ABDOMINAL ASCITES 325
24B CYSTIC ABDOMINAL LESIONS 328
24C ECHOGENIC ABDOMINAL LESIONS 331
24D GASTROSCHISIS 334
24E INTESTINAL ATRESIAS 337
24F OMPHALOCELE 340
24G ESOPHAGEAL ATRESIA
24H LIMB-BODY STALK ANOMALY
241 UMBILICAL VEIN VARIX
25 Urogenital Imaging 343
RICHARD B. WOLF, DO, MPH
25A BLADDER EXSTROPHY 343
25B ECHOGENIC DYSPLASTIC KIDNEYS 346
25C MULTICYSTIC KIDNEY 349
25D POSTERIOR URETHRAL VALVES 352
25E PYELECTASIS 355
25F URETEROCELE 358
25G AMBIGUOUS GENITALIA
) This subchapter is available online at www.expertconsult.com.
25H DUPLICATED RENAL COLLECTING SYSTEM 251 RENAL AGENESIS
25J URETEROVESICAL JUNCTION OBSTRUCTION
26 Skeletal Imaging 361
RICHARD B. WOLF, DO, MPH
26A ARTHROGRYPOSIS AND POLYDACTYLY 361
26B CLUBFOOT 364
26C NEURAL TUBE DEFECT 367
26D SACROCOCCYGEAL TERATOMA AND SACRAL AGENESIS 370
26E SKELETAL DYSPLASIA 373 26F AMNIOTIC BAND SYNDROME 26G CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS AND CLOVERLEAF SKULL 26H HEMIVERTEBRAE AND SCOLIOSIS
27 Placenta and Umbilical Cord Imaging 379
THOMAS R. MOORE, MD
27A MARGINAL AND VELAMENTOUS UMBILICAL CORD INSERTION 379
27B MOLAR GESTATION 382
27C PLACENTA ACCRETA-INCRETA-PERCRETA 384
27D PLACENTAL ECHOLUCENCIES: LAKES, CYSTS, CHORANGIOMA 387
27E PLACENTA PREVIA 390
27F SINGLE UMBILICAL ARTERY 393
27G CIRCUMVALLATE PLACENTA (9)
27H SUBCHORIONIC HEMATOMA (A
271 SUCCENTURIATE PLACENTA A
27J VASA PREVIA (S)
28 Uterus and Adnexae Imaging 396
THOMAS R. MOORE, MD
28A ADNEXAL MASS, COMPLEX AND SIMPLE 396 28B AMNIOTIC FLUID VOLUME 399 28C UTERINE ANOMALIES 401 28D UTERINE FIBROIDS 404
29 Fi rst-Trimester Imaging 407
BRYANN BROMLEY, MD I THOMAS D. SHIPP, MD 29A ANOMALIES 407 29B NUCHAL TRANSLUCENCY 411 29C NASAL BONE
*
Ѳ
PART
Fetal Disorders: Diagnosis and Therapy
30 Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Disorders 417
RONALD J. WAPNER, MD
Contents
XXI
31 Teratogenesis and Environmental Exposure 465
CHRISTINA CHAMBERS, PhD, MPH I ANTHONY R. SCIALLI, MD
32 Assessment of Fetal Health 473
ANJALI J. KAIMAL, MD, MAS
33 Intrapartum Fetal Surveillance 488
MICHAEL P. NAGEOTTE, MD
34 Assessment and Induction of Fetal Pulmonary Maturity 507
BRIAN M. MERCER, MD
35 Invasive Fetal Therapy 516
JAN DEPREST, MD, PhD I RYAN HODGES, PhD,
MBBS (Hons) I EDUARDO GRATACOS, MD, PhD I LIESBETH LEWI, MD, PhD
36 Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn 558
KENNETH J. MOISE, Jr., MD
37 Nonimmune Hydrops 569
ISABELLE WILKINS, MD
38 Multiple Gestation: Clinical Characteristics and Management 578
FERGAL D. MALONE, MD I MARY E. D’ALTON, MB, BCh, BAO
part Q Disorders at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
39 Pathogenesis of Spontaneous Preterm Birth 599
CATALIN S. BUHIMSCHI, MD I JANE E. NORMAN, MD
40 Preterm Labor and Birth 624
HYAGRIV N. SIMHAN, MD, MS I VINCENZO BERGHELLA, MD I JAY D. IAMS, MD
41 Cervical Insufficiency 654
VINCENZO BERGHELLA, MD I JAY D. IAMS, MD
42 Premature Rupture of the Membranes 663
BRIAN M. MERCER, MD
43 Clinical Aspects of Normal and Abnormal Labor 673
JOHN M. THORP, Jr., MD I S. KATHERINE LAUGHON, MD, MS
44 Recurrent Pregnancy Loss 707
BRITTON D. RINK, MD, MS I CHARLES J. LOCKWOOD, MD, MHCM
45 Stillbirth 718
UMA M. REDDY, MD, MPH I CATHERINE Y. SPONG, MD
46 Placenta Previa, Placenta Accreta, Abruptio Placentae, and Vasa Previa 732
ANDREW D. HULL, BMedSci, BMBS I ROBERT RESNIK, MD
47 Intrauterine Growth Restriction 743
ROBERT RESNIK, MD I ROBERT K. CREASY, MD
48 Pregnancy-Related Hypertension 756
KARA BETH MARKHAM, MD I EDMUND F. FUNAI, MD
PART Q Maternal Complications
49 Patient Safety in Obstetrics 785
CHRISTIAN M. PETTKER, MD I EDMUND F. FUNAI, MD
50 Maternal Mortality 795
ELLIOTT K. MAIN, MD
51 Maternal and Fetal Infections 802
PATRICK DUFF, MD
52 Cardiac Diseases 852
DANIEL G. BANCHARD, MD I LORI B. DANIELS, MD, MAS
53 Coagulation Disorders in Pregnancy 878
MARC A. RODGER, MD, MSc I ROBERT M. SILVER, MD
54 Thromboembolic Disease in Pregnancy 906
ANN N. LEUNG, MD I CHARLES J. LOCKWOOD, MD, MHCM
55 Anemia and Pregnancy 918
SARAH J. KILPATRICK, MD, PhD
56 Malignancy and Pregnancy 932
DAVID COHN, MD I BHUVANESWARI RAMASWAMY, MD I KRISTIE BLUM, MD
57 Renal Disorders 949
RAVI I. THADHANI, MD, MPH I MANISH R. MASKI, MD
58 Respiratory Diseases in Pregnancy 965
JANICE E. WHITTY, MD I MITCHELL P. DOMBROWSKI, MD
59 Diabetes in Pregnancy 988
THOMAS R. MOORE, MD I SYLVIE HAUGUEL-DE MOUZON,
PhD I PATRICK CATALANO, MD
60 Thyroid Disease and Pregnancy 1022
SHAHLA NADER, MD
61 Other Endocrine Disorders of Pregnancy 1038
SHAHLA NADER, MD
62 Gastrointestinal Disease in Pregnancy 1059
THOMAS F. KELLY, MD I THOMAS J. SAVIDES, MD
XXII
Contents
63 Diseases of the Liver, Biliary System, and Pancreas 1075
CATHERINE WILLIAMSON, MD I LUCY MACKILLOP, BM, BCh,
МА I MICHAEL A. HENEGHAN, MD, MMedSc
64 Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases 1092
MICHAEL D. LOCKSHIN, MD I JANE E. SALMON, MD I DORUK ERKAN, MD
65 Neurologic Disorders 1100
MICHAEL J. AMINOFF, MD, DSc I VANJA C. DOUGLAS, MD
66 Management of Depression and Psychoses in Pregnancy and in the Puerperium 1122
KIMBERLY A. YONKERS, MD
67 Substance Abuse in Pregnancy 1132
MONA R. PRASAD, DO, MPH I HENDReE E. JONES, PhD
68 The Skin and Pregnancy 1146
RONALD P. RAPINI, MD
69 Benign Gynecologic Conditions in Pregnancy 1156
ALESSANDRO GHIDINI, MD I PATRIZIA VERGANI, MD
70 Anesthesia Considerations for Complicated Pregnancies 1167
JOY L. HAWKINS, MD
71 Intensive Care Considerations for the Critically III Parturient 1182
KIMBERLY S. ROBBINS, MD I STEPHANIE R. MARTIN, DO I WILLIAM C. WILSON, MD, MA
part Q The Neonate
72 Neonatal Morbidities of Prenatal and Perinatal Origin 1215
JAMES M. GREENBERG, MD I VIVEK NARENDRAN, MD I KURT R. SCHIBLER, MD I BARBARA B. WARNER, MD I BETH E. HABERMAN, MD