Patology in gynecology and obstetrics
Patology in gynecology and obstetrics
1 THE VULVA 1
Color illustrations appear after page 16
Embryology 1 Anatomy and Histology 1
Malformations, Hypoplasias, and Hypertrophies 3 Inflammatory Diseases 4 Benign Tumors 14 Ectopic Tissue 20
Vulvar “Dystrophies” or Nonneoplastic Epithelial Disorders and Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN) 22 Vulvar Cytology 28 Malignant Tumors 29
2 THE VAGINA 46
Color illustrations appear after page 16
Embryology 46 Anatomy and Histology 46 Malformations 46
Hormone-Induced Variations of the Vaginal Mucosa 47
Inflammatory Diseases 50
Benign Tumors 54
Endometriosis 56
Postoperative Conditions 56
Adenosis 56
Other Benign Lesions 58
Malignant Tumors 58
3 THE CERVIX 72
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Embryology 72 Anatomy 72 Histology 73 Malformations 76 Inflammatory Diseases 76 Benign Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions 97 Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (Dysplasia and In Situ Carcinoma, Low- and High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions) 105 Invasive Malignant Tumors 119 Metastatic Tumors 151
4 THE CORPUS UTERI 163
Color illustrations appear after page 176
Embryology 163 Anatomy 163 Malformations 163 Histology 164
Mechanism of Hormonal Influences on the Endometrium 167
Cytology of Normal Endometrium 168
Physiologic Mechanisms of Menstruation 169
Cyclical Variations of the Endometrium 171
Endometrial Metaplasias 205
Inflammatory Diseases of the Endometrium 211
Adenomyosis 216
Benign Tumors 218
Endometrial Hyperplasia 229
Malignant Tumors 239
Metastatic Tumors of the Corpus Uteri 271
5 THE FALLOPIAN TUBE 284
Embryology 284 Anatomy 284 Histology 284 Malformations 287 Torsion 287
Inflammatory Diseases 288 Endometriosis 298
Tubal Surgery in Fertility Control and Sterility 298 Benign Tumors 301 Malignant Tumors 302
6 THE OVARY 313
CHARLES ZALOUDEK
Color illustrations appear after page 176
Embryology 313 Anatomy 313 Histology 315
Malformations and Atrophy 320 Inflammatory Diseases 321 Nonneoplastic Cysts and Tumors 322 Ovarian Neoplasms 330
7 THE FEMALE PERITONEUM 414
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Embryology 414 Anatomy 414 Histology 415 Cytology 415 Inflammatory Lesions 415 Adhesions 416 Cysts 416
Hyperplasias, Metaplasias, and Benign Tumors 417 Malignant Tumors 437
8 THE PLACENTA 448
JANICE M. LAGE
Early Development 448 Types of Trophoblast 449 Anatomy 449
Evaluation of Early Conceptuses: Spontaneous Abortuses, Elective Terminations, and Ectopic Pregnancies 452 Gross Examination 453 Placenta Creta 457 Umbilical Cord 458 Placental Membranes 460 Multiple Gestation and Its Complications 465
Placental Infections 473 Parenchymal Placental Lesions 487 Placental Pathology Associated With Maternal and Fetal Disorders 493
Other Vascular Lesions of the Placenta 496 Placental Calcification 496 Tumors of the Placenta 497 Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases 497
9 Ectopic Pregnancy 515
Etiology 515 Tubal Pregnancy 516 Angular Pregnancy 518 Intramural Pregnancy 518 Isthmic Pregnancy 518 Cervical Pregnancy 518 Ovarian Pregnancy 518 Abdominal Pregnancy 518
10 THE BREAST 520
Color illustrations appear after page 432
Embryology 520 Anatomy 520 Histology 521 Malformations 522 Mammary Hypertrophy 523 Diagnosis of Breast Lesions 523 Inflammatory Diseases of the Breast 528 Infarction 532
Mammary Involvement in Inherited Systemic Diseases 533 Benign Tumors 533 Fibrocystic Changes 548
Atypical Hyperplasias and In Situ Carcinomas 557 Malignant Epithelial Tumors 572 Malignant Nonepithelial Neoplasms 607 Tumors Metastatic to the Breast 612
11 EXTRAGENITAL PATHOLOGY IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 622
HERNANDO SALAZAR AND RICHARD J. STOCK
Endocrine System 622 Vascular System 627 Liver 633
Sexual, Contraceptive, and Sanitary Practices 640 Laparoscopic and Pelviscopic Injuries 641 Vaginal Douching 645 Toxic Shock Syndrome 645
12 NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN
GYNECOLOGIC PATHOLOGY 650
ALAIN VERHEST, HIRONOBU SASANO, SHINJI SATO, AND AKIRA YAJIMA
Color illustrations appear after page 432
Cytometry 630
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cell Cycle-Related Antigens 652 AgNORs 653 Karyotyping 654
Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes 658
Color illustrations appear after page 16
Embryology 1 Anatomy and Histology 1
Malformations, Hypoplasias, and Hypertrophies 3 Inflammatory Diseases 4 Benign Tumors 14 Ectopic Tissue 20
Vulvar “Dystrophies” or Nonneoplastic Epithelial Disorders and Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN) 22 Vulvar Cytology 28 Malignant Tumors 29
2 THE VAGINA 46
Color illustrations appear after page 16
Embryology 46 Anatomy and Histology 46 Malformations 46
Hormone-Induced Variations of the Vaginal Mucosa 47
Inflammatory Diseases 50
Benign Tumors 54
Endometriosis 56
Postoperative Conditions 56
Adenosis 56
Other Benign Lesions 58
Malignant Tumors 58
3 THE CERVIX 72
Color illustrations appear after page 80
Embryology 72 Anatomy 72 Histology 73 Malformations 76 Inflammatory Diseases 76 Benign Tumors and Tumor-Like Lesions 97 Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (Dysplasia and In Situ Carcinoma, Low- and High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions) 105 Invasive Malignant Tumors 119 Metastatic Tumors 151
4 THE CORPUS UTERI 163
Color illustrations appear after page 176
Embryology 163 Anatomy 163 Malformations 163 Histology 164
Mechanism of Hormonal Influences on the Endometrium 167
Cytology of Normal Endometrium 168
Physiologic Mechanisms of Menstruation 169
Cyclical Variations of the Endometrium 171
Endometrial Metaplasias 205
Inflammatory Diseases of the Endometrium 211
Adenomyosis 216
Benign Tumors 218
Endometrial Hyperplasia 229
Malignant Tumors 239
Metastatic Tumors of the Corpus Uteri 271
5 THE FALLOPIAN TUBE 284
Embryology 284 Anatomy 284 Histology 284 Malformations 287 Torsion 287
Inflammatory Diseases 288 Endometriosis 298
Tubal Surgery in Fertility Control and Sterility 298 Benign Tumors 301 Malignant Tumors 302
6 THE OVARY 313
CHARLES ZALOUDEK
Color illustrations appear after page 176
Embryology 313 Anatomy 313 Histology 315
Malformations and Atrophy 320 Inflammatory Diseases 321 Nonneoplastic Cysts and Tumors 322 Ovarian Neoplasms 330
7 THE FEMALE PERITONEUM 414
Color illustrations appear after page 432
Embryology 414 Anatomy 414 Histology 415 Cytology 415 Inflammatory Lesions 415 Adhesions 416 Cysts 416
Hyperplasias, Metaplasias, and Benign Tumors 417 Malignant Tumors 437
8 THE PLACENTA 448
JANICE M. LAGE
Early Development 448 Types of Trophoblast 449 Anatomy 449
Evaluation of Early Conceptuses: Spontaneous Abortuses, Elective Terminations, and Ectopic Pregnancies 452 Gross Examination 453 Placenta Creta 457 Umbilical Cord 458 Placental Membranes 460 Multiple Gestation and Its Complications 465
Placental Infections 473 Parenchymal Placental Lesions 487 Placental Pathology Associated With Maternal and Fetal Disorders 493
Other Vascular Lesions of the Placenta 496 Placental Calcification 496 Tumors of the Placenta 497 Gestational Trophoblastic Diseases 497
9 Ectopic Pregnancy 515
Etiology 515 Tubal Pregnancy 516 Angular Pregnancy 518 Intramural Pregnancy 518 Isthmic Pregnancy 518 Cervical Pregnancy 518 Ovarian Pregnancy 518 Abdominal Pregnancy 518
10 THE BREAST 520
Color illustrations appear after page 432
Embryology 520 Anatomy 520 Histology 521 Malformations 522 Mammary Hypertrophy 523 Diagnosis of Breast Lesions 523 Inflammatory Diseases of the Breast 528 Infarction 532
Mammary Involvement in Inherited Systemic Diseases 533 Benign Tumors 533 Fibrocystic Changes 548
Atypical Hyperplasias and In Situ Carcinomas 557 Malignant Epithelial Tumors 572 Malignant Nonepithelial Neoplasms 607 Tumors Metastatic to the Breast 612
11 EXTRAGENITAL PATHOLOGY IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 622
HERNANDO SALAZAR AND RICHARD J. STOCK
Endocrine System 622 Vascular System 627 Liver 633
Sexual, Contraceptive, and Sanitary Practices 640 Laparoscopic and Pelviscopic Injuries 641 Vaginal Douching 645 Toxic Shock Syndrome 645
12 NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN
GYNECOLOGIC PATHOLOGY 650
ALAIN VERHEST, HIRONOBU SASANO, SHINJI SATO, AND AKIRA YAJIMA
Color illustrations appear after page 432
Cytometry 630
Immunohistochemical Analysis of Cell Cycle-Related Antigens 652 AgNORs 653 Karyotyping 654
Oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes 658